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System Package Relay
I need help with my '99 Wrangler's electrical system. The battery drains overnight among other things.
The vehicle is a 1999 Jeep Wrangler Sport with a hard top and a towing package. If the jeep sits for more than a day, the battery won't have enough charge to turn the starter. Once the engine is running, the battery charges just fine. I'm thinking that it might be a problem with a relay in the "power distribution center", but I don't have the plastic cover with the relay diagram, so I don't know what does what. Also, recently the windshield washers stopped operating. First, the rear washer and now the windshield washers. Don't know if it's related. Another odd symptom: my alarm no longer makes the sounds it's supposed to; just an odd howling whistling noise. Although I don't activate it, sometimes it just does it on its own and goes off when I try to start the engine.
I'd like to start by checking the relays before going through the hassle of suspecting my alternator and switching it out. Anyone know what I should do?
I would definitely suspect the alternator. It can still charge your battery but drain it when the engine is not running if its bad. Take it off take it to the parts store of your choosing and have them test it. The alarm sounds like it has maybe gotten water or something in it. Also most alarms are automatic setting because your battery is always dead. The other problems seem unrelated. If it was a relay it would be defective all the time and wouldnt even charge. If the alternator checks good next I would take your battery in also and have them test that. I might have a dead cell and wont properly hold a charge. If that checks good then you can start pulling relays. Most parts stores check your alternator and battery for free so thats where I would start. I know it is a hassle taking the alternator off but that is usually the culprit assuming you arent leaving some accessories on. Hope this helps
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Line 6 Relay G30 Wireless Guitar and Bass System - Nevada Music UK
Solid State Triac Devices Replace Mechanical Relays in Power Switching Applications
What must be further understood is that mechanical relays, contactors, and switches operate in a random manner with respect to the electrical signal to be switched. Imagine a 60Hz AC power circuit. A mechanical relay, contactor or switch will interrupt this circuit in a random manner with respect to the AC power waveform passing through it. If the circuit is interrupted at a moment when the AC current flow is low, then little reverse voltage will result. If however, the circuit is interrupted at an instant when the AC current flow is high, then a corresponding high reverse voltage will result.
What meaning does this have for the electronic product design engineer? Mechanical circuits are, in fact, circuits that interrupt the flow of electricity in a ‘random’ manner - random, of course, with respect to the AC current flowing through that circuit at any particular instant. In a circuit that exhibits high inductance, such as a motor circuit, a solenoid circuit, or an electromagnetic circuit; reverse voltage can get very high. High voltages can damage and pit mechanical contacts. High voltages can cause noise and disturbance to other nearby sensitive circuitry.
Energy is stored in the electro-magnetic field that surrounds an inductive circuit. The stored energy is high when the corresponding current flow in that circuit is high. Upon circuit interruption, the flow of current through the circuit immediately stops. As current flow stops, the circuit’s electro-magnetic field collapses sending its unit of stored energy back into the wires from which it came. If the current is high, and the field is large, then a high voltage will be created. Mechanical relays, contactors and switches all will exhibit this type of behavior.
Solid-state triac devices may be used to interrupt the flow of electricity in a manner that is synchronous with the AC current waveform. Triacs are three-terminal, solid-state semiconductor devices which permit the flow of AC current through two terminals so long as the third, the trigger, is energized. Triacs have the additional, highly desirable property that electrical current flow stops when current flowing through the device is zero. This may seem obvious, but imagine the following: AC Current is flowing through your inductive circuit. You now wish to turn that circuit off. You do so by removing the trigger signal from your solid state triac device. The device continues to conduct electricity until the AC current waveform reaches zero, at which time no further AC current flows until the device is triggered again. The action of the solid state triac device ensures that the circuit is broken only when zero current is actually flowing.
Return to our inductive circuit. The solid state triac device ensures that the circuit’s energy flow is interrupted only when the AC current waveform reaches its instantaneous zero. The stored energy in the circuit’s electro-magnetic field will be at or near zero when the current flowing through that circuit is at or near zero. With no field energy, there will be nothing to cause the high voltages we previously observed in mechanical switching systems. The solid state triac device guarantees that circuit interruption will occur only at the zero-current instants thereby eliminating the worry of high voltage switching transients.
We at Orchid Technologies Engineering and Consulting, Inc. have successfully designed numerous custom high energy power switching circuits. These circuits are required to operate at high duty cycles and in close proximity to sensitive digital and analog circuitry. We have found that when designing with TRIAC and SCR devices we can eliminate most if not all switched circuit noise. Today’s solid state TRIAC devices are truly amazing. High current capacity at high switched voltages with very low leakage can be purchased in small packages at reasonable cost. Visit www.orchid-tech.com to learn more, or call Paul Nickelsberg, President and CTO of Orchid at 978-461-2000 for more information.
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